Application Layer in OSI Model

The Application Layer is the topmost layer in the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model and is responsible for providing network services directly to end-users or applications. It serves as the interface between the user’s software and the network infrastructure. Some commonly used protocols operate at the Application Layer: HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring … Read more

Complete CCNA Course in depth – Ravish Saifi

Welcome to CCNA Notes Hub – your one-stop destination for high-quality, exam-ready notes for Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) certification. We know how challenging it can be to prepare for networking exams, and that’s why we’re here to make your journey easier, faster, and more effective. Our notes are curated by certified professionals who have … Read more